Background: Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations often experience a disproportionate burden of chronic pain and other long-term health conditions yet are often underrepresented in pain management research and services. Group-based interventions offer a promising model for delivering culturally responsive pain education and self-management support.
Objective: To identify key design and implementation considerations for group-based health interventions targeting CALD communities, with the aim of improving access to pain management programs.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted to systematically identify and synthesise considerations for group-based interventions. From an umbrella review, 58 systematic reviews were sourced, and their included primary studies were then analysed. Recurring considerations were identified from the studies and synthesised narratively.
Results: Eighty-seven studies were included, from which several important considerations emerged across three overarching domains: (1) Content development – reliance on previous research and literature, expert guidance, target population involvement and adapting for low literacy; (2) Cultural responsiveness – using culturally matched facilitators, incorporating participants' preferred language, integrating cultural ideas and values, promoting family involvement, and ensuring gender sensitivity; and (3) Facilitating participation – reducing logistical barriers by providing transport, childcare, snacks, incentives, phone call reminders, and accessible venues.
Conclusion: This review highlights practical strategies for improving the cultural relevance and accessibility of group-based health programs for CALD populations. These insights can inform the design of culturally responsive pain management interventions that can effectively reduce inequities in care for multicultural communities. By adopting these strategies, programs can foster greater patient adherence and engagement, which is critical for effective self-management, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes and an improved quality of life for CALD communities.